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Field Force dynamics node

Applies forces to an object using some piece of geometry as a vector field.

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Overview
How to
Parameters
- Data Options
- Guide Options
Inputs
Outputs
Locals
Examples

Overview

This node lets you define a vector field using attributes on imported geometry, and then use the vector field to "push" dynamics objects.

For each object/voxel to move, the node applies the force of the closest point/voxel in the force geometry.

For example, in the following example, one ball provides the geometry for a "repulsor" field that pushes the other ball away.

Tip

If you want to push RBD objects around using a field extracted from another simulation type, there may be a more optimized and interactive alternative to using a field force.

FLIP fluid simulations interact quite efficiently with RBD simulation objets when you enable force feedback.
For Pyro simulations, change the solver from Multigrid to PCG and again enable the feedback option.
You can use Pump objects to inject velocity in to a FLIP fluid or Pyro/Smoke simulation.

(You can also use a Pump to create a velocity field to feed into a Field Force.)

How to

To... Do this

To...	Do this
Set up geometry to shape the field	In geometry object, create geometry where each point has an attribute containing a vector representing the force direction at that point. The default is to use the `v` (velocity) attribute. If you use simulated geometry it will have a `v` attribute automatically. To create a velocity attribute on animated geometry, use a Trail SOP set to "Compute velocity". Of course you can use any other attribute, such as using point normals as the force attribute to push things away from an object. Alternatively you can create a vector volume in a geometry object and use that as the source for the force vectors. You can also use a scalar (one value per voxel) volume in which case the field force will use the gradient of the values as the force direction.
Attach the force geometry to the Field Force node	Create a Field Force node and wire it into the stream of objects/solvers you want the force to affect. Create a SOP Geometry node and set the SOP Path to the path of the surface node you want to use. Wire the SOP Geometry node’s green output to the green input of the Field Force node. (If the geometry you want is already in the DOP network you can grab the `Geometry` data yusing a Fetch Data node, however importing from a geometry network is the most common way to use the node.) If the source geometry is moving, you also need to attach position data for the geometry so the force position follows the geometry position. For an animated object use an Position DOP to get the object’s position as data. For a simulated object use a Fetch Data node to grab the simulated object’s `Position` data. In either case, attach the node’s green output to the Field Force node’s green input to attach the position data. The Field Force node will then use it to transform the force.
Choose between speed and accuracy	The Sampling mode setting gives you a trade-off between speed of the simulation and accuracy of the effect of the force on objects. See the help for Sampling Mode

Set up geometry to shape the field

In geometry object, create geometry where each point has an attribute containing a vector representing the force direction at that point.

The default is to use the v (velocity) attribute. If you use simulated geometry it will have a v attribute automatically. To create a velocity attribute on animated geometry, use a Trail SOP set to "Compute velocity". Of course you can use any other attribute, such as using point normals as the force attribute to push things away from an object.

Alternatively you can create a vector volume in a geometry object and use that as the source for the force vectors. You can also use a scalar (one value per voxel) volume in which case the field force will use the gradient of the values as the force direction.

Attach the force geometry to the Field Force node

Create a Field Force node and wire it into the stream of objects/solvers you want the force to affect.

Create a SOP Geometry node and set the SOP Path to the path of the surface node you want to use. Wire the SOP Geometry node’s green output to the green input of the Field Force node.

(If the geometry you want is already in the DOP network you can grab the Geometry data yusing a Fetch Data node, however importing from a geometry network is the most common way to use the node.)

If the source geometry is moving, you also need to attach position data for the geometry so the force position follows the geometry position. For an animated object use an Position DOP to get the object’s position as data. For a simulated object use a Fetch Data node to grab the simulated object’s Position data. In either case, attach the node’s green output to the Field Force node’s green input to attach the position data. The Field Force node will then use it to transform the force.

Choose between speed and accuracy

The Sampling mode setting gives you a trade-off between speed of the simulation and accuracy of the effect of the force on objects. See the help for Sampling Mode

Parameters

Data Options

Force Attribute

Provides the name of the attribute on the attached geometry subdata which contains the force values. This must be a triple of floats or a vector attribute.

Scale Force

The force attribute value extracted from the geometry is multiplied by this value.

Torque Attribute

Provides the name of the attribute on the attached geometry subdata which contains the torque values. This must be a triple of floats or a vector attribute.

Scale Torque

The torque attribute value extracted from the geometry is multiplied by this value.

Use Max Distance

Turning on this option causes this force to only apply a force or torque if the object is within a given distance of one of the geometry points.

Max Distance

If the nearest point on the geometry is greater than this maximum distance value, then no force or torque is applied. This test is only done if the Use Max Distance option is enabled.

Treat As Wind

Instead of applying a force proportional to the velocity field, apply a drag effect with the velocity field being the rest-velocity. This will cause objects to accelerate until they match velocity field.

Sampling Mode

Controls

"Default" is the same as "Circle".

Point

Samples the nearest point of the force geometry to determine the force to apply to an object. This is the fastest option and is fine for radiating forces and simple objects, where the result is not noticeably different than the more accurate options.

Circle

Samples a cross-section of the force geometry, giving greater fidelity at the cost of slower simulation. If the force geometry has detailed and varying forces, this is a good choice.

For example, if you're sliding colliding RBD objects down a complicated surface in close-up, with subtle sculpted and heavily directed forces, you should use Circle mode.

Sphere

Samples the SDF of the force geometry. This is the slowest option but also the most accurate.

Guide Options

Show Guide Geometry

Enables the display of guide geometry for this force in the viewport. The guide geometry consists of a series of line segments that start at each point on the force geometry, and indicate the force and torque attribute values.

Guide geometry is only shown when Geometry is used as the subdata. If Vector Field or Scalar Fields are used, guide geometry can be added by using a Vector Field Visualization or Scalar Field Visualization.

Show Force Vectors

Turning on this option causes the force attribute values on the geometry to be displayed as line segments.

Scale Force Vectors

The force attribute values are scaled by this amount before being displayed. Note that the Force Scale parameter is also used to scale the force attribute values for display.

Force Vector Color

The color used to display the force vectors.

Show Torque Vectors

Turning on this option causes the torque attribute values on the geometry to be displayed as line segments.

Scale Torque Vectors

The torque attribute values are scaled by this amount before being displayed. Note that the Torque Scale parameter is also used to scale the torque attribute values for display.

Torque Vector Color

Controls the color used to display the torque vectors.

Sampling Mode

Controls how the force is sampled over space. The behavior will vary depending on the solver. Fluid solvers will always sample per-voxel, but RBD solvers can switch between sampling only the centroid, only the surface, or the entire volume.

Default

Each force type has its own idea of the optimal sampling mode. For uniform forces, for example, only one sample is taken, the equivalent of Point. But with a Field Force that is expected to vary over space, the Sphere sampling mode is the default when Treat as Wind is false, otherwise the Circle sampling mode is used.

Point

Perform a single force evaluation at the center of the object, treating this one value as a constant force for the object. This is the most efficient approach but does not allow for any nuances, for example, of an off-center fan causing an object to start spinning.

Circle

Perform a force evaluation on the surface of the object. This is useful for forces such as wind that one wants to apply non-uniformally depending on the orientation of the object.

Sphere

Perform a force evaluation throughout the volume of the object. This is useful for forces which you want to respect the shape of the object. The number of samples is proportional to the SDF resolution of RBD Objects, however, so can get very expensive.

Parameter Operations

Each data option parameter has an associated menu which specifies how that parameter operates.

Use Default

Use the value from the Default Operation menu.

Set Initial

Set the value of this parameter only when this data is created. On all subsequent timesteps, the value of this parameter is not altered. This is useful for setting up initial conditions like position and velocity.

Set Always

Always set the value of this parameter. This is useful when specific keyframed values are required over time. This could be used to keyframe the position of an object over time, or to cause the geometry from a SOP to be refetched at each timestep if the geometry is deforming.

You can also use this setting in conjunction with the local variables for a parameter value to modify a value over time. For example, in the X Position, an expression like $tx + 0.1 would cause the object to move 0.1 units to the right on each timestep.

Set Never

Do not ever set the value of this parameter. This option is most useful when using this node to modify an existing piece of data connected through the first input.

For example, an RBD State DOP may want to animate just the mass of an object, and nothing else. The Set Never option could be used on all parameters except for Mass, which would use Set Always.

Default Operation

For any parameters with their Operation menu set to Use Default, this parameter controls what operation is used.

This parameter has the same menu options and meanings as the Parameter Operations menus, but without the Use Default choice.

Activation

Determines if this node should do anything on a given timestep and for a particular object. If this parameter is an expression, it is evaluated for each object (even if data sharing is turned on).

If it evaluates to a non-zero value, then the data is attached to that object. If it evaluates to zero, no data is attached, and data previously attached by this node is removed.

Group

When an object connector is attached to the first input of this node, this parameter can be used to choose a subset of those objects to be affected by this node.

Data Name

Indicates the name that should be used to attach the data to an object or other piece of data. If the Data Name contains a "/" (or several), that indicates traversing inside subdata.

For example, if the Fan Force DOP has the default Data Name "Forces/Fan". This attaches the data with the name "Fan" to an existing piece of data named "Forces". If no data named "Forces" exists, a simple piece of container data is created to hold the "Fan" subdata.

Different pieces of data have different requirements on what names should be used for them. Except in very rare situations, the default value should be used. Some exceptions are described with particular pieces of data or with solvers that make use of some particular type of data.

Unique Data Name

Turning on this parameter modifies the Data Name parameter value to ensure that the data created by this node is attached with a unique name so it will not overwrite any existing data.

With this parameter turned off, attaching two pieces of data with the same name will cause the second one to replace the first. There are situations where each type of behavior is desirable.

If an object needs to have several Fan Forces blowing on it, it is much easier to use the Unique Data Name feature to ensure that each fan does not overwrite a previous fan rather than trying to change the Data Name of each fan individually to avoid conflicts.

On the other hand, if an object is known to have RBD State data already attached to it, leaving this option turned off will allow some new RBD State data to overwrite the existing data.

Inputs

First Input

This optional input can be used to control which simulation objects are modified by this node. Any objects connected through this input and which match the Group parameter field will be modified.

If this input is not connected, this node can be used in conjunction with an Apply Data node, or can be used as an input to another data node.

All Other Inputs

If this node has more input connectors, other data nodes can be attached to act as modifiers for the data created by this node.

The specific types of subdata that are meaningful vary from node to node. Click MMB an input connector to see a list of available data nodes that can be meaningfully attached.

Outputs

First Output

The operation of this output depends on what inputs are connected to this node. If an object stream is input to this node, the output is also an object stream containing the same objects as the input (but with the data from this node attached).

If no object stream is connected to this node, the output is a data output. This data output can be connected to an Apply Data DOP, or connected directly to a data input of another data node, to attach the data from this node to an object or another piece of data.

Locals

channelname

This DOP node defines a local variable for each channel and parameter on the Data Options page, with the same name as the channel. So for example, the node may have channels for Position (positionx, positiony, positionz) and a parameter for an object name (objectname).

Then there will also be local variables with the names positionx, positiony, positionz, and objectname. These variables will evaluate to the previous value for that parameter.

This previous value is always stored as part of the data attached to the object being processed. This is essentially a shortcut for a dopfield expression like:

dopfield($DOPNET, $OBJID, dataName, "Options", 0, channelname)

If the data does not already exist, then a value of zero or an empty string will be returned.

DATACT

This value is the simulation time (see variable ST) at which the current data was created. This value may not be the same as the current simulation time if this node is modifying existing data, rather than creating new data.

DATACF

This value is the simulation frame (see variable SF) at which the current data was created. This value may not be the same as the current simulation frame if this node is modifying existing data, rather than creating new data.

RELNAME